DISEASES CAUSED BY WATER POLLUTION
Of the 37 most common diseases among the population of Latin America, 21 are related to lack of water and contaminated water. Worldwide these diseases account for 25 million deaths annually.
Diseases transmitted through contaminated water may be caused by standing water with insect breeding, direct contact with water, consuming contaminated water or chemical and microbiological water misuse. Diseases transmitted through contaminated water, insects and bacteria are: cholera, typhoid and paratyphoid, bacillary and amoebic dysentery, diarrhea, infectious hepatitis, parasitic, filariasis, malaria, trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, trachoma, conjunctivitis and ascariasis, among other . The pool water can also transmit diseases such as athlete’s foot, septic throat, ear and eye infections. Transmitted disease, symptoms and treatment depend on the type of microorganisms present in water and its concentration.
The most common bacteria followed by disease / infection and symptoms are:
1. Aeromonas sp.
Enteritis
Severe watery diarrhea with blood and mucus
2. Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacteriosis
Flu, diarrhea, headache and stomach, fever, cramps and nausea
3. Escherichia coli
Urinary tract infections, neonatal meningitis, intestinal disease
Watery diarrhea, headaches, fever, uremia, liver damage
4. Plesiomonas shigelloides
Plesiomonas-infection
Nausea, stomach cramps and watery diarrhea, sometimes fever, headache and vomiting
5. Salmonella typhi
Typhoid fever
Fever
6. Salmonella sp.
Salmonellosis
Dizziness, intestinal cramps, vomiting, diarrhea and sometimes a mild fever
7. Streptococcus sp.
Disease (gastro) intestinal
Stomach pains, diarrhea and fever, sometimes vomiting
8. Vibrio El Tor (freshwater)
Cholera (mild)
Severe diarrhea
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