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Posts Tagged ‘Dengerous Diseases’

Ovarian cancer is a malignant disease difficult to detect: the tumor cells have a large cavity (abdomen and pelvis) to hide. We know that a lump or tumorcito of 1 cm in diameter (just visible with ultrasound or CT scan) and hosts billions of cells, including malignant and they provide support and nutrition. Most ovarian cancers (but unfortunately not all) produce a substance detectable in the blood, called CA-125, which can function as an early warning system: there may be nothing in the gynecological tact, nothing on ultrasound nothing in the CT or MRI, but … if the CA-125 level is elevated in the blood, find out what happens. Based on this property, coined the (in my view unfortunate) term “tumor marker.”

The result is that patients overestimate the importance of an elevated CA-125 in his blood, considering it a sign of impending doom. It is as if the health, safety and likelihood of living of Mrs. quoted on NASDAQ or a kind of Stock Exchange of medicine – to put it in some way. Not so. It is an element, not an oracle.
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AIDS is a disease that most dreaded at this moment. HIV, the virus that causes this disease, damage the body’s defense system (immune system), so people who suffer from this disease the ability to defend itself from disease attack reduced. Someone who is HIV positive, do not necessarily have AIDS. Many cases in which HIV-positive person, but do not become sick in a long time. However, existing HIV in a person’s body will continue to damage the immune system. As a result, viruses, fungi and bacteria are usually harmless to extremely dangerous because they damage the body’s immune system.

Because dengerous this disease, the various efforts made to develop drugs that can overcome them. Treatment developed at this time, targets are enzymes produced by HIV, and is required by the virus to flourish. These enzymes is inhibited by using inhibitors that would inhibit these enzymes work and will ultimately inhibit the growth of the HIV virus.

HIV is a virus genetic material was RNA (ribonucleic acid) that is wrapped by a matrix composed mostly of protein. To grow, it needs to change its genetic material into DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), integrated into the host DNA, and subsequently undergo a process that would eventually produce the protein. The proteins produced will then form new viruses.

Epilepsy or epilepsy is a disease characterized by a tendency to experience recurrent seizures. Epilepsy, derived from the Greek (Epilepsia), which means ‘attack’. Please note, epilepsy is not contagious, not a hereditary disease, and not identical with the people who experience mental ketebelakangan. In fact, many people with epilepsy who suffer from epilepsy without a known cause. And 2% of the adult population had experienced seizures. One third of these groups have epilepsy.

Our brain consists of millions of nerve cells (neurons), in charge of coordinating all activities of our body including feeling, seeing, thinking, moving the (muscle).

In patients with epilepsy, sometimes signals are not active as they should. This can be caused by various factors, among others; head trauma (injury once the head region), brain tumors, and many others.

Generally, epilepsy may be caused by brain damage in the process of birth, head injury, stroke, brain tumors, alcohol. Sometimes epilepsy may also be due to genetic, hereditary disease but not epilepsy. But the exact cause remains unknown.

Simplex partial seizures began with an electric charge in certain parts of the brain and this charge has remained limited in the area.
Patients experience a sensation, movement or abnormal psychological disorders, depending on the brain area affected.
If happens in the brain that controls muscle movement right arm, then the right arm will swing and suffered a jolt; if occurs in the anterior temporal lobe in, then the patient will smell very pleasant or very unpleasant.
In patients experiencing mental disorders can experience d? J? vu (feeling never experienced the present situation in the past).

Jacksonian seizure symptoms started in one specific body part (eg hand or foot) and then spreading to the members of the movement, in line with the spread of electrical activity in the brain.

Partial seizures (psychomotor) complex starts with a loss of patient contact with the surrounding environment for 1-2 minutes.
The patient became unsteady, moving arms and legs in strange ways, and without purpose, noises that nobody, not able to understand what other people say and refused assistance.
The confusion lasted several minutes, and followed by complete healing.

Konvulsif seizures (tonic-clonic seizures, grand mal) usually starts with abnormal brain electrical charge on a limited area. Electric charge was soon spread to other brain regions and lead to abnormal function of the entire region.
Primary generalized epilepsy characterized by abnormal electrical charges in the broad area of the brain, which causes the spread of early dysfunction.
In both types of epileptic seizures as this happens the body’s reaction to an abnormal load. In konvulsif seizures, decreased consciousness temporarily, severe muscle spasm and jerk-jerk in the whole body, head turned to one side, tightly clenched teeth and loss of bladder control.
Afterward the patient may experience headache, dazed while and feel very tired. Usually patients can not remember what happened during the seizure.

Grand mal

Petit mal seizures began in childhood, usually before the age of five years.
Not happening seizures and other dramatic symptoms of grand mal.
The patient just stared, trembling eyelids or face muscles twitching for 10-30 seconds.
The patient does not respond to its surroundings but not falling, fainting or shooting.

Epileptikus status is the most serious seizures, in which seizures occur continuously, not stopping.
Muscle contraction is very strong, could not breathe properly and electric charge in his brain was widespread.
If not immediately treated, can damage the heart and brain that can be settled and the patient died.

Symptoms of seizures based on the affected side of the brain

Side-feather-exposed Symptoms
Frontal-lobe specific to the muscle twitch
Hallucinations-lobe oksipitalis glint of light
Parietal lobe-Numb or tingling in certain parts of the body
Hallucinations-temporal lobe picture of complex and repetitive behavior
such as walking in circles
Anterior temporal-lobe chewing movements, lip movements kiss
Anterior temporal-lobe next to the Hallucinations of smell, both likable and who is not pleasant

Diagnosis

Diagnosis based on symptoms presented by the other people who witnessed the occurrence of epileptic seizures in patients.

EEG (electroencephalogram) is an examination that measures the electrical activity in the brain.
This examination is painless and has no risk. Electrodes placed on the scalp to measure electrical impulses in the brain.

Once diagnosed, other tests are usually conducted to determine the cause of which can be treated.
Routine blood tests conducted for:
- Measuring the sugar content, calcium and sodium in the blood
- Assess liver and kidney function
- Count the number of white blood cells (which increases the number indicates the existence of infection).

ECG (electrocardiogram) done to detect heart rhythm abnormalities as a result of inadequate blood flow to the brain, which can cause a person to experience fainting.

The CT scan and MRI was performed to assess the existence of tumors or brain cancer, strokes, scarring and damage due to head injury. Utnuk lumbar puncture is sometimes performed to know whether there has been a brain infection

Hippocrates was the first to successfully identify the symptoms of epilepsy as a problem in the brain, evil spirits, and so forth. Can someone diagnosed with epilepsy if that person has at least having a seizure which is not caused by alcohol and blood pressure is very low. Tools that are used normally are:

* MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Using a powerful magnet for mendapatkn picture in the body / brain someone. Not using X-Ray. MRI is more sensitive dripada CT-Scan.

* EEG (Electro Encephalo Graphy) tool to check the brain waves.

How to overcome the symptoms of epilepsy

Until now the drug is not yet known who truly efficacious to cure epilepsy. The most important parameter is the first effort causes that can lead to epileptic attacks, such as the remnants of syphilis, hardened veins, brain diseases, alcohol poisoning, the worms in the stomach and others. To attempt to reduce epileptic attacks occur and minimize the dangers for people with epilepsy are among others:

1. The patient should keep in daily life, body and do not be too heavy fikirannya in working order not to become tired. Do not allowed the patient to drink alcohol, coffee or tea is thick and not too much to eat meat. The patient should have a lot to eat vegetables and get enough rest and try to defecate regularly.

2. The patients do not in allowed to do something that works if it can endanger themselves like climbing trees or ladders, climbing the narrow bridge, standing riverside or pond, or a fire, swimming, cycling, walking alone in a big way and standing near the machine that was spinning and other forth. Because it all, endanger the patient if the epilepsy is recurrent.

3. If there are signs that the patient will be having an epileptic fit, then send him to swallow one or two teaspoons of salt and inhaling the smell of garlic that has been ground smooth. And also feet and hands may also be tied tightly, may wear a large cloth or rope. In this way, usually epileptic attacks can be avoided.

4. If the person has fainted, let laid back and his clothes slightly loosened, if necessary on the sidelines of the upper and lower teeth to enter a clean cloth that has been folded or a spoon, to avoid being bitten tongue and let it until he regained consciousness.

PREVENTION

Anti-seizure drugs can completely prevent the occurrence of grand mal on more than half of patients with epilepsy.

TREATMENT

If the cause was a tumor, infection or blood sugar or sodium is abnormal, then the situation should be treated first.
If the situation is resolved, then the kejangnya itself does not require treatment.

If the cause can not be cured or controlled in total, we need anti-seizure medication to prevent seizures continued.
About a third of patients experience recurrent seizures, the rest is usually only experience a time of attack. The drugs are usually given to patients experiencing recurrent seizures.

Status epileptikus an emergency, because it was anti-seizure drugs given in high doses intravenously.

Anti-seizure drugs is very effective, but also can cause side effects.
Among these was the cause drowsiness, whereas in children causes hyperactivity.
Blood tests are routinely performed to monitor kidney function, liver and blood cells.

Anti-seizure drugs taken by prescription from a doctor.
Use of other drugs along with anti-seizure medications have a doctor’s permission and consent, because it can change the amount of anti-seizure drugs in the blood.

Patients’ family should be trained to assist patients in case of epileptic seizures.
The important step is to keep patients from falling, loosening his clothes (especially in the neck) and put a pillow under the patient’s head.
If the patient was unconscious, his position should be tilted for easy breathing and should not be left alone until fully awake and could move normally.

If it is found that the brain abnormalities are limited, usually performed surgery to remove the nerve fibers that connect both sides of the brain (corpus kalosum).
Surgery is performed if the medicine is not managed to overcome epilepsy or intolerable side effects.

Drugs used to treat seizures

Type of epilepsy drug side effects that may occur
Carbamazepine generalized, partial number of white blood cells and red blood cells decreases
Etoksimid Petit mal number of white blood cells and red blood cells decreases
Neurontin Partial Quiet
Lamotrigine generalized, partial skin rash
Phenobarbital generalized, partial Calm
Phenytoin generalized, partial Swollen gums
Primidon generalized, partial Calm
Valproic Infantile seizures, petit mal Weight gain, hair loss

Tuberculosis disease, or better known as TB, is a dangerous illness which ranks the world’s third after HIV-AIDS and heart disease, according to observers of health problems, Dr. Setiari MKes Ermy.

“HIV / AIDS and heart attack is still ranked number one and two, while the TB is in the third position of a row of other dangerous diseases,” said Ermy, as quoted by Antara.

Ermy mention, along with the dangers caused by tuberculosis, this disease is still quite a lot of numbers in Indonesia. “The number of TB sufferers in the country starting in third place after India and China,” he said without elaborating Ermy number of patients.

He also explained that tuberculosis is a disease caused by germs “mycrobacterium tuberculosis” which attacked humans at the productive age. “So, people afflicted by tuberculosis infection caused by germs, not purely a hereditary disease,” he said.

TB symptoms appear such as coughing up phlegm for three weeks or more, followed by fever, weight loss, night sweats with no activity. In addition, the appetite of people who are also infected with TB will decline drastically, and will feel the pain in the chest and also coughing up blood.

Community who experience such symptoms, said Ermy are expected to be able to check into the nearest health center, which always will get the treatment free of charge.

“TB disease can be cured if the patients take medication regularly for 6-8 months. If the medication regularly, TB disease can be cured,” he added.

Meanwhile, many people assume that TB is more dangerous than HIV / AIDS. This is due, this lung disease to spread through the air. Accordingly, should routinely have to be disseminated to the villages of TB, with the hope of preventing the disease spread in the community.

For that, the community must become actively involved as a form of awareness of this disease through the socialization of society. In addition to socialization, prevention and eradication of TB disease should also be done through a variety of preventive and curative action in order to secure society from the spread of this dangerous disease. (Yz)

Diabetes Mellitus is defined as a disease in which the patient’s body can not automatically control the level of sugar (glucose) in their blood. Diabetics can not produce insulin in sufficient quantities, so there is excess sugar in body. Chronic excess of sugar in the blood (hyperglycemia), this becomes toxic to the body.

Diabetes Type
1. Type I diabetes (IDDM / insulin-dependent)
Someone said to type I diabetes, if your body needs insulin supply from outside. This is because the beta cells of Langerhans islands have been damaged, so the pancreas stops producing insulin. Beta cell damage can occur from childhood or as adults.

2. Diabetes Type II (NIDDM / non-insulin-dependent)
Type II diabetes occurs when pancreatic insulin production is not enough or the body fat and muscle cells become resistant to insulin, resulting in disruption of sugar delivery to cells. Usually people affected by this type of diabetes is an adult.

Symptoms – Symptoms of Diabetes
Type I diabetes appears suddenly at the age of children (under 20 years), as a result of genetic abnormalities, so the body can not produce insulin properly. Symptoms for type I diabetes, among others:
• Weight loss decreases
• Fatigue
• blurred vision
• Frequent urination
• Continuously hungry and thirsty
• Increased levels of sugar in the blood and urine

As for the symptoms of type II diabetes appears gradually until it becomes clear interference, and at the same stage as the beginning symptoms of diabetes type I.

Cause Diabetes
The main cause of diabetes in the era of globalization is the existence of lifestyle changes (diet is not balanced, less physical activity). In addition, the existence of stress, genetic disorders, the age of an increasingly elderly can also become one of the causes of diabetes.

Diabetes Prevention
Diabetes can be prevented by changing a balanced diet (avoiding foods that contain lots of protein, fat, sugar and salt), physical activity at least 30 minutes every day (swimming, cycling, jogging, brisk walking), and diligently checked sugar levels urine each year.

Diabetes Remedy
If it is positive diabetic, then you should consult your doctor and follow doctor’s advice with discipline. In addition, the need to go on a diet, because diet is the first step of an effort to control diabetes. However, we recommend that when a diet, it should also be accompanied by regular exercise. And lastly, a blood test to measure sugar levels Diabetes, which is an abnormal disruption of blood sugar levels due to destruction of pancreatic beta cells, so that needs to be controlled carefully.